US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is intensifying efforts to curb a growing wave of egg smuggling as prices soar nationwide, Newsweek reported.

With egg costs at record highs, more individuals are attempting to bring raw eggs into the US illegally, raising public health concerns.

From October 2024 to February 2025, CBP recorded a 29% increase in egg seizures at US ports of entry compared to the previous year. Officials warn that these illegal imports pose a risk of spreading avian diseases.

Here's what you need to know

CBP reported that since January, officers in the El Paso region have stopped over 90 individuals attempting to smuggle raw eggs from Mexico. So far, 16 civil penalties have been issued, amounting to nearly $4,000.

The agency explained that fresh egg imports from Mexico are strictly prohibited due to the risk of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) and Virulent Newcastle Disease (ND). 

Egg prices have surged due to supply chain disruptions, a prolonged bird flu outbreak, and new state regulations.

Grocery stores are rationing supplies, and restaurants are struggling with increased costs. In December 2024, the average price for a dozen large, grade-A eggs hit $4.15—a 14% rise from the previous month—with some locations charging as much as $8 per dozen.

According to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), prices are projected to climb another 20.3% in 2025. While Easter (April 20) usually drives up demand, this year’s spike is largely attributed to ongoing supply chain struggles.

What is on the horizon 

Jack Buffington, a supply chain management professor at the University of Denver, said as quoted by Newsweek, "Several other issues are also contributing to the shortage, including higher wages and labor/immigration issues. Another key issue is that states are legislating regulations on eggs [e.g., banning caged eggs—mandating 'cage-free eggs'], which is impacting the US production capacity. I think there are like 10-11 states that have enacted this [Colorado just did so this month]."

CBP echoed concerns over illegal egg imports, stating, "Travelers are prohibited to bring in fresh eggs, raw chicken, unprocessed avian products, and/or live birds into the United States. Travelers are encouraged to declare all agriculture products to CBP officers and Agriculture Specialists, failure to declare may lead to potential fines and penalties."

The USDA, as per the report, expects egg prices to decline by mid-2025, potentially reaching $2.50 per dozen. However, this projection hinges on controlling the bird flu outbreak and resolving supply chain disruptions.

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