A coalition of pro-Palestine advocacy groups has accused a major Polish state-owned arms producer of supplying explosive material used in "Israel’s" aerial bombardment of Gaza. According to a detailed investigation released on Tuesday, Nitro-Chem Chemical Plant has been providing trinitrotoluene (TNT) for the Mk-80 family of bombs that form the pillar of "Israel’s" munitions campaign.

The findings were published by People’s Embargo for Palestine (PEP), the Palestinian Youth Movement (PYM), Shadow World Investigations (SWI), and the Movement Research Unit (MRU).

The report names Nitro-Chem as a long-standing supplier of TNT to US weapons manufacturers, which then export the completed bombs and shells to "Israel". The trade has accelerated since October 7, 2023, as "Israel" intensified its genocide in Gaza.

Nitro-Chem is fully owned by the Polish Armaments Group (PAG), a government-established holding launched in 2013 to consolidate Poland’s state-run defence contractors. The report states that the United States, which lacks domestic TNT production, relies on Poland for the vast majority of its supply. Investigators estimate that 90% of TNT imported by the United States originates from Poland.

Direct transfers to 'Israel'

Beyond indirect exports via the United States, the report says Nitro-Chem has also sold TNT directly to Israeli defense industries. Nadya Tannous of the PYM said the findings demonstrate that “this report decisively implicates Nitro-Chem and the Polish government as a critical link in facilitating the supply chain of genocide.” She added that although UN experts have concluded "Israel" is committing genocidal acts in Gaza, Poland is actively facilitating the “massacre of hundreds of thousands of Palestinians.”

Since the start of the war on Gaza, "Israel" has relied heavily on the Mk-80 bomb family, produced by General Dynamics, one of the world’s largest arms contractors. Investigators say unexploded Mk-84 bombs,  the heaviest in the series, have been filmed in Gaza with clear production markings linking them to General Dynamics.

The Mk-84, according to weapons specialists, has a lethal radius of about 360 metres and can cause casualties up to 800 metres from the point of detonation. General Dynamics has reportedly sourced TNT for these munitions from Nitro-Chem since at least 2016.

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Supply deals continued despite ICJ orders

Despite emergency measures issued by the International Court of Justice in January 2024 requiring "Israel" to prevent genocidal acts, Nitro-Chem’s production and supply lines continued. In April, the company signed a new TNT procurement deal with Paramount Enterprises International (PEI), a shipping and logistics firm. Shortly afterwards, Washington approved the transfer of 1,800 Mk-84 bombs to "Israel".

UN experts also warn that the TNT-powered bombings have had catastrophic environmental consequences. The use of such weaponry in densely populated areas has, according to the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, amounted to war crimes involving systematic destruction of civilian infrastructure. The UN Environment Programme reports widespread contamination of soil, coastlines, and freshwater sources throughout Gaza.

Read more: In 2 years, 'Israel' dropped 200,000 tons of explosives on Gaza

Death toll in Gaza surpasses 69,000 

The death toll of Palestinians killed during the ongoing Israeli genocide in Gaza has now surpassed 69,000, with nearly 170,000 others injured. Entire families have been wiped out in single airstrikes; in many cases, only one survivor remains, often a child. Combined, the number of dead and wounded amounts to nearly 10% of Gaza’s pre-war population of 2.3 million.

The real figure may be even higher. Thousands remain buried under the rubble of flattened neighborhoods, while many others have died from untreated injuries, disease, starvation, and trauma-related causes. Additional reports point to hundreds more who have disappeared, either incinerated in bombings, torn apart by explosions, or held in undisclosed detention centers by “Israel”.

Between March and May 2025, “Israel” imposed a complete blockade on humanitarian aid, food, and medical supplies entering Gaza. Though some restrictions were later eased following international condemnation, the damage had already been done. In August, famine was formally declared in several areas of Gaza.

UN experts say death toll meets genocide criteria

The scale of devastation has triggered growing global outrage and renewed accusations of genocide. In September, independent experts affiliated with the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights stated that the death toll and level of destruction in Gaza met the criteria for genocide under international law. 

Virtually all of Gaza’s population has now been forcibly displaced, most multiple times, as entire cities lie in ruins. Survivors, many of them residing in makeshift shelters or overcrowded tents, describe conditions as beyond catastrophic.

Eyewitnesses, including medics and aid workers at US-backed food distribution sites, have characterized the situation as “post-apocalyptic” and “hell on earth,” as hospitals remain overwhelmed and basic infrastructure is non-functional.

The humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza continues to unfold as “Israel” persists in its bombing campaign, killing more Palestinians despite the deal and growing international calls for accountability.